Rome, Italy. City travel guide – Attractions, Restaurants, Activities

Rome, the "Eternal City," has a rich history spanning over 2,500 years. Legend has it that the city was founded in 753 BC by twin brothers, Romulus and Remus. Throughout its history, Rome has been the center of the Roman Republic, the Roman Empire, and the Catholic Church. From Julius Caesar and Augustus to Constantine and Nero, Rome's leaders shaped the city and the world. The city's iconic Colosseum, Pantheon, and Circus Maximus bear witness to its ancient roots. In the Middle Ages, Rome continued to flourish as a Christian center, with St. Peter's Basilica and the Vatican City still attracting millions of visitors today.

Rome is located in the central part of Italy, in the Lazio region. The city is situated on the banks of the Tiber River, and it spans over seven hills. With a population of over 2.8 million people, Rome is not only the capital of Italy but also the largest city in the country. The city has a Mediterranean climate with hot, dry summers and mild, wet winters. The best time to visit Rome is during the spring and fall when the weather is mild and pleasant. However, even during the summer months, tourists flock to the city to admire its historic landmarks, while winter is a good time to visit for budget travelers since there are fewer crowds and lower prices.

The Colosseum is without a doubt one of Rome's most iconic landmarks and a must-visit attraction for any traveller. Built in 80 AD, it is the largest amphitheatre ever constructed and it was used for gladiatorial contests and public spectacles such as animal hunts, reenactments of battles, and dramas based on classical mythology. This magnificent structure is a masterpiece of Roman engineering and an architectural marvel. The Colosseum is situated in the heart of Rome and has four levels that can accommodate over 50,000 spectators. Visitors can explore the subterranean chambers and tunnels underneath the Colosseum, which were hidden from the public for centuries. From the top level of the Colosseum, one can enjoy breathtaking views of the nearby ancient Roman Forum and the modern city of Rome. A visit to the Colosseum is an unforgettable experience, bringing visitors back in time to the glory days of ancient Rome.

The Vatican Museums are an absolute must-visit in Rome, containing some of the world’s most renowned artwork and antiques. A veritable treasure trove of culture, the Vatican Museums boast an expansive collection of both religious and secular art, inventory numbers in the millions. A true jewel in the crown of the museums is the legendary Sistine Chapel. Renowned for its breathtaking ceiling frescoes painted by Michelangelo, the Sistine Chapel is one of the most unique and stunning attractions the world over. Visitors can expect to be entranced by the intricate designs and vibrant colors, which include Michelangelo’s world-famous Last Judgment, said to be one of the greatest masterpieces of all time. With its incredible ancient artifacts and unparalleled artistry, the Vatican Museums and Sistine Chapel are certain to be among the most memorable experiences in Rome.

The Pantheon is one of the most popular tourist destinations in Rome. This ancient temple, now a church, was built by the Roman Emperor Hadrian almost 2,000 years ago. The dome of the Pantheon, which is the largest unsupported dome in the world, is an engineering marvel. The interior of the Pantheon is just as impressive, with its intricate marble floors and stunning frescoes. Visitors can also pay their respects to the tombs of some of Italy's greatest artists, including Raphael and Caravaggio. Additionally, the Pantheon is a perfect example of Roman architecture and serves as a reminder of the city's rich and storied past. Don't forget to have a coffee and pizza at the nearby square when you're done exploring the Pantheon!

The iconic Trevi Fountain is an unmissable landmark in Rome, attracting millions of visitors every year. Built in the 18th century, the fountain features a stunning display of sculptures and architectural design. It is said that throwing a coin into the fountain guarantees a return visit to Rome, making it a popular tradition among visitors. Located in the heart of the city, the Trevi Fountain is surrounded by charming Italian restaurants and cafes, providing the perfect backdrop for a romantic evening stroll. The fountain is especially enchanting when illuminated at night, providing a breathtaking view for tourists and locals alike. Despite its popularity, the Trevi Fountain is a must-see attraction for anyone visiting Rome. Whether you're looking for a romantic spot or simply seeking to admire the beauty of Italian architecture, it's hard to resist the allure of the Trevi Fountain.

The Roman Forum is the significant historical site of ancient Rome located in the heart of the city. It was once a marketplace, business district, social hub, and religious center during the Roman Empire. The ancient ruins are spread over a huge area and you can wander through the columns, arches, and remains of grand monuments. The Forum showcases many prestigious structures such as the Temple of Saturn and the Arch of Septimius Severus, a structure that commemorates the military victories of the emperor. One of the highlights is the Roman Forum Museum, which displays a collection of ancient artifacts. It is an essential tourist destination for history buffs and tourists wanting to explore the city's rich heritage.

The Villa Borghese Gardens are a grand expanse of greenery in the heart of Rome. Located on the Pincian Hill, the gardens offer panoramic views of the city, including the Piazza del Popolo, the Spanish Steps, and the Vatican. The park is home to a beautiful lake, fountains, and a variety of tree-lined paths perfect for a serene stroll. In addition to its natural splendor, the gardens also offer several cultural highlights, including the famous Borghese Gallery, which houses an impressive collection of artwork. Visitors can also rent bicycles or take a Segway tour to further explore the park's many attractions. Regardless of how you choose to spend your time here, the Villa Borghese Gardens are a must-visit destination for any trip to Rome.

Nestled along the historic Appian Way lies the stunning Appia Antica Park. This park boasts ancient ruins, breathtaking natural scenery, and a peaceful setting away from the hustle and bustle of the city. Take a leisurely stroll or bike ride along the ancient path, enjoy a picnic on the grass, or visit the catacombs hidden beneath the ground. With over 330 hectares of land, there's something for everyone to enjoy in this beautiful park. Be sure to include Appia Antica Park on your Rome itinerary for a unique and memorable experience.

Gianicolo Hill, also known as Janiculum Hill, is a popular destination for those seeking stunning views of the city. The hill stands 88 meters above sea level and provides a panoramic view of Rome. There are several observation points where visitors can take in the breathtaking scenery. Apart from the breathtaking views, the hill is covered with lush greenery and is a great spot for a leisurely stroll. Visitors can pack a picnic and dine al fresco while enjoying the beautiful surroundings. The hill is also home to several historical landmarks such as the Fontana dell'Acqua Paola, Piazzale Garibaldi and the beautiful San Pietro in Montorio Church.

Located along the ancient route of the Appian Way, Parco degli Acquedotti is a magnificent park that boasts some of the best-preserved Roman aqueducts in the city. Dating back to 312 BC, the site is a testament to the technological ingenuity of the ancient Romans. Walking along the leafy trails, visitors can admire the impressive arches and towering structures that once delivered water to the city. Despite being just a short distance from the city center, the park is a tranquil oasis that offers respite from the hustle and bustle of the city. In addition to the aqueducts, the park is also home to numerous species of flora and fauna, making it a perfect spot for nature lovers and history buffs alike. Whether you're looking to enjoy a peaceful picnic or soak up some history, Parco degli Acquedotti is well worth a visit.

Villa Ada Park, the second-largest public park in Rome, is a perfect place for those who love nature and want to escape the city’s hustle and bustle. Once a hunting reserve for Italian royalty and aristocrats, the park is now home to a variety of trees, plants, and wildlife. There’s a lake in the center of the park, where visitors can enjoy paddling boats, rowing boats, and pedal boats. The park provides a serene and peaceful atmosphere, making it an ideal place for picnicking and relaxation. It is also a popular spot for walking, jogging, and cycling. Sports enthusiasts can take advantage of the tennis courts, basketball courts, and soccer fields available in the park. There are also several playgrounds, a skatepark, and a designated area for dogs. Villa Ada Park is a hidden gem in Rome that is definitely worth a visit.

Pizza alla Romana is a must-try item for any visit to Rome. The pizza is made with a thin and crispy crust, topped with fresh and flavorful ingredients. One of the most famous versions is the typical "pizza bianca," which is a plain pizza sprinkled with coarse salt and drizzled with olive oil. You can also enjoy pizza alla Romana with toppings like prosciutto, arugula, and fresh mozzarella. A popular place to check out for this local specialty is Forno Campo de’ Fiori, a historic bakery where you can watch the skilled bakers create delicious pizza right in front of you. Another option is Pizzarium, a modern pizzeria run by the acclaimed chef Gabriele Bonci. Whatever your choice may be, you will not leave Rome without a satisfied pizza craving.

When visiting Rome, it's a sin not to indulge in some authentic gelato. Gelato is Italy's answer to ice cream and is denser and creamier. You can find it in gelaterias around almost every corner and in every imaginable flavor. One of the best places in Rome to try gelato is Giolitti. It has been around since 1900 and is one of the oldest gelaterias in the city. Their signature flavor is the "Buontalenti," made with chocolate, hazelnuts, and cream. Other flavors include classics like pistachio, chocolate, and stracciatella, as well as some adventurous ones like rose petal and balsamic vinegar. Just be careful not to fall prey to tourist traps that sell artificial and overpriced gelato. Real gelato should not have bright colors or preservatives in it. Stick to places where the gelato is made fresh every day with natural ingredients.

Suppli are a Roman street food staple that must not be missed. These deep-fried balls of risotto are filled with melted mozzarella cheese, tomato sauce, and sometimes meat. With a crispy exterior and savory filling, these delectable treats are perfect for a quick and satisfying snack on-the-go. Suppli are also a popular appetizer at many restaurants in Rome. They are often served as part of a larger antipasti platter or as a delicious side dish accompanying a main course. Locals often pair them with a refreshing glass of chilled white wine or a crisp lager. For an authentic Suppli experience, head to the Testaccio neighborhood in Rome. Here, street vendors and small restaurants serve up some of the best Suppli in the city. Be prepared to get your hands messy – Suppli are best enjoyed by picking them up with your fingers and savoring every bite.

One of Rome's most famous pasta dishes is carbonara, made with spaghetti, guanciale (cured pork cheek), eggs, Pecorino Romano cheese, and black pepper. You can find it on menus throughout the city, but not all carbonaras are created equal. The secret to a good carbonara is in the sauce, which should be creamy but not too heavy. Traditionalists insist on cooking the pasta al dente, adding the hot pasta to a mixture of beaten eggs and cheese, and stirring quickly to combine. The heat from the pasta cooks the eggs, creating a silky, velvety sauce. Whether you prefer your carbonara with or without cream, there's no denying that this Roman classic is a must-try for foodies.

Cacio e Pepe is a classic Roman dish with simple ingredients but exquisite taste. This traditional pasta dish is made with only three ingredients: pasta, Pecorino Romano cheese, and black pepper. The key to a perfect cacio e pepe is finding the ideal balance between the creaminess of the cheese and the spiciness of the pepper. The dish is a favorite among locals and visitors alike, and can be found in most restaurants throughout the city. One popular spot is Flavio al Velavevodetto in Testaccio, which serves up a delectable version of this dish. Whether you're a foodie or just looking for a taste of authentic Roman cuisine, cacio e pepe is a must-try when visiting Rome.

Public transportation in Rome consists of a metro, tram, and bus system. The metro has three lines that cover the city center and some outlying areas. Trams run along designated lines through the city, and buses cover all areas of the city, including areas not served by the metro and tram. Tickets for public transportation can be purchased at tobacco shops, vending machines, or online, and must be validated before use. To avoid confusion, it is recommended to purchase a map or download a transportation app to plan routes and avoid getting lost. While public transportation can be crowded during peak hours, it is a cost-effective and efficient way to get around Rome.

Taxis in Rome can be expensive and somewhat unpredictable. Keep in mind that taxis are often not willing to take short trips, especially during peak hours. It is important to only use official taxis, which are typically white and have "TAXI" signs on the roof. Before getting in the taxi, make sure the meter is switched on, and ask for a couple of business cards from the driver so you can call them again if necessary. Many taxi drivers in Rome do not speak English, so it's always a good idea to have your destination written down in Italian.

Renting a car in Rome can be a daunting task as the city experiences heavy traffic, and parking can be challenging. If you plan to rent a car, it's best to book it in advance. Several international and local car rental companies offer services at the airport and city center. Bear in mind that driving in Rome can be stressful, so make sure to buy an Italian road map and update your GPS. On the bright side, renting a car gives you the flexibility to explore the city on your terms. A car also makes it easier to visit nearby attractions such as the Roman Hills and the countryside. However, keep in mind that you'll need to pay for fuel, parking, and any tolls you may encounter during your trip.

Walking is one of the best ways to explore Rome's city center. The ancient cobblestone streets provide a charming feeling, and it's easy to get from one famous landmark to another in just a few minutes. You'll appreciate walking through the narrow inlets, small squares, and quiet street corners with a sense of nostalgia. However, be sure to bring comfortable shoes because walking around in Rome can be tiring. It is also essential to be mindful of your surroundings, as the streets of Rome can get crowded. Take the time to lookup and appreciate the breathtaking architecture and street art. Remember, walking is the best way to immerse yourself in the city's culture.

Rome is a popular destination and has plenty of budget-friendly hotels that offer cozy accommodation without breaking the bank. Some options even provide complimentary breakfast to help you start your day on a good note. Many budget-friendly accommodations are conveniently located near top attractions, including the Colosseum and Vatican City, making it easy to explore the city. The rooms may be small and basic, but they are always clean and come with basic amenities such as free Wi-Fi and air conditioning. If you are planning a trip to Rome on a budget, there is no shortage of options. The best thing to do is to book your budget-friendly accommodation in advance to ensure availability and affordability.

Mid-range hotels in Rome offer comfortable accommodations without breaking the bank. These hotels typically have clean and well-appointed rooms, some with charming design elements that reflect the city's history. Many mid-range hotels in Rome also include complimentary breakfast and Wi-Fi. Some of these properties come with additional amenities such as rooftop terraces, fitness centers, and even on-site restaurants. To get the most for your budget, consider staying in neighborhoods such as the Monti or Trastevere districts, where you can find great mid-range options at reasonable prices.

Rome is home to some of the most luxurious hotels in the world. These hotels offer unparalleled comfort, service, and amenities for guests seeking a truly indulgent experience. Many of these hotels are located in historic buildings, with stunning architecture and interiors that transport guests back in time. Expect spacious suites, marble bathrooms, and plush furnishings, with some of the most stunning views in the city. The city's luxury hotels are also well-known for their fine dining options, with award-winning restaurants serving up traditional Italian cuisine alongside creative, contemporary dishes. Take advantage of the onsite spas and wellness facilities as well, ensuring your stay is as relaxing and rejuvenating as possible.

Bed and Breakfasts offer a charming, intimate experience in the heart of Rome. These accommodations typically occupy historic buildings and offer a personalized touch with cozy common spaces and individually decorated rooms. Unlike hotels, breakfast is usually included in the rate and can be enjoyed in a shared dining area or delivered to the guest's room. Many Bed and Breakfasts are located in trendy neighborhoods like Trastevere and offer easy access to Rome's iconic landmarks. Overall, Bed and Breakfasts are a great option for travelers seeking a unique and authentic experience in the Eternal City.

Vacation rentals are a popular choice for visitors to Rome who prefer to have their own space and privacy. These rentals range from apartments to entire homes and can be found in different parts of the city. The advantage of vacation rentals is that they provide a local experience, allowing visitors to immerse themselves in the Italian culture and lifestyle. Vacation rentals come equipped with all the necessary amenities for a comfortable stay, such as a fully equipped kitchen, Wi-Fi, and air conditioning. Additionally, they offer more privacy and flexibility compared to hotels, allowing visitors to come and go as they please. Vacation rentals are also a great option for families or groups of friends traveling together, as they can accommodate multiple people in one space while still providing each individual with their own room.

In Rome, it's important to dress appropriately when visiting religious sites or dining at higher-end restaurants. Shoulders and knees should always be covered in churches and other religious sites. At restaurants, formal attire is not required, but it's best to dress smartly and avoid wearing beachwear or flip-flops. In summer, it may be tempting to wear shorts and short-sleeved shirts. However, it's important to remember that Rome is a city with a rich history and culture, and visitors should respect this by dressing appropriately. Wearing comfortable walking shoes while exploring the city is also recommended, as many attractions will require a significant amount of walking. If you're unsure of what to wear in a particular setting while in Rome, it's always a safe bet to err on the side of dressing more formally. This shows respect for the people and places you're visiting and ensures you won't stick out as an unprepared tourist.

Tipping is not a common practice in Rome as it is in other parts of the world. Most restaurants include a service charge in the bill, but it's customary to round up the bill to the nearest Euro. It's also acceptable to leave small change for exceptional service. Tipping taxi drivers and hotel staff is not expected, but leaving a Euro or two for exceptional service is appreciated. Remember, tipping should never be mandatory and always depends on the quality of service.

Italians take great pride in their language, and it is crucial to understand a few basic Italian phrases before heading to Rome. While English is widely spoken in tourist areas, it is polite to greet locals in their native tongue, such as Buongiorno (good morning) and Grazie (thank you). Don’t be shy to try some Italian, as locals appreciate the effort. In Rome, accents can vary, and the Roman dialect is known for its unique slang. It is best to stick to formal Italian when conversing with locals, especially those in service industries.

When walking around Rome, it's important to keep your belongings close to you and stay aware of your surroundings. Pickpocketing is a common crime, especially in crowded tourist areas. Keep your bags and pockets zipped up and avoid carrying large sums of cash. When using public transportation, be mindful of pickpockets too. Keep your ticket close at hand and avoid being distracted by anyone trying to engage you in conversation. If you're traveling alone at night, it's best to take a taxi or use an app-based ride-sharing service. If you do find yourself in an emergency situation, dial 112 to reach the police, ambulance or fire department. The emergency services operate in English as well as Italian. By following these simple safety tips, you can enjoy a safe and pleasant trip to Rome.

When visiting churches in Rome, it is important to dress respectfully, covering knees and shoulders. In some churches, hats must also be removed. Silence should be observed and no photography or loud conversations are allowed. It is customary to make a small donation before lighting a candle or visiting a special area of the church. When attending a mass or ceremony, it is polite to stand and sit when the congregation does. Remember to respect the religious practices and traditions of the church and its members.

On January 1st, Rome celebrates the New Year with a colorful parade and concert. The parade starts at Piazza del Popolo and concludes at Piazza Venezia. The streets are filled with music, dancers and performers. The event is highlighted by the New Year concert held in Piazza del Popolo. This free concert features various Italian musicians, including pop singers and orchestras. The atmosphere is electric, and the concert has become a beloved tradition among locals and visitors alike. If you're in Rome on New Year's Day, don't miss this opportunity to experience the festive spirit of the city. Make your way to Piazza del Popolo and join in the celebration of a brand-new year.

During the Holy Week leading up to Easter, Rome hosts several solemn processions throughout the city. One of the most notable is the Via Crucis, or Way of the Cross, which takes place in the Colosseum on Good Friday. The Pope himself leads the procession, carrying a wooden cross and stopping at 14 stations representing Jesus's journey to his crucifixion. Another significant event is the Scoppio del Carro, or Explosion of the Cart, which takes place on Easter Sunday in front of the Basilica of Santa Maria del Fiore. An ornate cart is pulled through the streets by a team of white oxen, and at the end of the procession, a fireworks display is lit from the cart. Visitors can also witness smaller processions in various neighborhoods throughout the week, as well as attend Easter Mass at St. Peter's Basilica or other historic churches in the city. However, it's important to note that these events can be crowded and require planning ahead for tickets and transportation.

The International Film Festival in Rome takes place every October, drawing movie buffs and industry players from around the world. The festival is dedicated to showcasing contemporary and classic movies from all over the globe, with a special emphasis on Italian cinema. One of the highlights of the festival is the red carpet premieres, where attendees can catch a glimpse of some of the biggest stars in international film. Along with screenings and premieres, the festival also features panel discussions, Q&A sessions with directors and actors, and workshops and seminars for industry professionals. Film lovers and casual viewers alike can enjoy the diverse programming of the International Film Festival in Rome, which offers a unique opportunity to experience the magic of the movies in one of the world's most storied and legendary cities.

Festa della Repubblica is celebrated every year in Rome on June 2nd, marking the Italian National Day. The day commemorates the institutional referendum held in 1946, which saw the end of the monarchy and the birth of the Italian Republic. The event features a military parade in Via dei Fori Imperiali, with the participation of the Italian Armed Forces, military bands, and a flyover by the Italian Air Force. The parade is held in the morning, with spectators being able to see tanks, helicopters, and troops marching in formation. In the afternoon, an open day is held at the Quirinale Palace, the official residence of the President of the Italian Republic. Visitors can enter the palace and see various rooms and the beautiful gardens. The Festa della Repubblica is a great day to celebrate Italian culture and history.

The Rome Marathon is one of the most popular and scenic marathons in the world, attracting thousands of runners from around the globe each year. The route takes runners on a 42-kilometer journey through the historic landmarks and memorable sites of Rome, including the Colosseum, St. Peter's Basilica, and the Roman Forum. The marathon typically takes place in April and provides participants with breathtaking views of the city along the entire route. This world-class event is a must-see for sports enthusiasts and anyone looking to experience the quintessential Roman charm in a unique way. Whether you're a runner or a spectator, the Rome Marathon is an unforgettable experience that highlights the beauty and rich history of the Eternal City.

Pompeii is a must-visit destination for history enthusiasts and day-trippers alike. This ancient city was destroyed in AD 79 by the eruption of Mount Vesuvius but remains remarkably well-preserved. Visitors can explore the city's perfectly preserved ruins, including villas, theaters, and public baths, providing an incredible insight into life in ancient Rome. The world-famous Bodrum Mosaic and the Forum are some of the highlights of Pompeii, and they are not to be missed. For visitors with limited time, the Pompeii ruins can be seen in a day trip from Rome by train or guided tour. However, it’s recommended to spend a few days here to soak up the unique atmosphere. Pompeii also provides a great opportunity to sample delicious Italian cuisine in one of the many restaurants serving authentic Neapolitan pizza and pasta. Make sure to wear comfortable shoes and visit early in the day before the crowds arrive.

Florence, known as the birthplace of the Italian Renaissance, is just a few hours away from Rome by train. The city boasts stunning architecture and art, including Michelangelo's David, the famous Uffizi Gallery, and the scenic Ponte Vecchio. Visitors can stroll through the winding streets and squares, enjoying authentic Italian cuisine and shopping for stylish leather products. Don't miss a visit to the iconic Duomo, with its impressive dome and colorful façade. Florence makes for a perfect day trip or a weekend getaway from Rome.

Naples, the birthplace of pizza, is a bustling city located approximately two hours south of Rome. Once in Naples, you can explore the historic center, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, and visit the Royal Palace of Naples and the Castel dell'Ovo. Make sure to also stop by Spaccanapoli, a long, narrow street that winds through the city's historic district and is lined with shops, bakeries, and restaurants. But no trip to Naples would be complete without experiencing the nearby ruins of Pompeii and Herculaneum. Both towns were destroyed in AD 79 by the eruption of Mount Vesuvius, and now offer unparalleled glimpses into ancient Roman life. Be sure to plan a full day for your visit to see as much as possible.

A perfect destination for lovers of food, wine, and breathtaking scenery, Tuscany is an easy two-hour drive from Rome. Highlights of the region include the cities of Florence and Siena, both home to stunning medieval architecture and renowned museums filled with priceless artworks. Visitors can also explore the region's charming hilltop towns such as San Gimignano and Montepulciano, or indulge in a wine tasting at one of the many vineyards dotting the countryside. Tuscany truly offers a taste of quintessential Italian culture and is an ideal day or overnight trip from Rome.

The Amalfi Coast is one of the most picturesque destinations in Italy, with its rugged coastline, vibrant blue waters, and pastel-colored houses. Located just south of Naples, it's easily accessible as a day trip from Rome or a longer weekend getaway. The drive along the winding cliffside roads offers breathtaking views of the Tyrrhenian Sea and the coastal towns of Positano, Ravello, and Amalfi. Take time to explore the historic cathedrals, quaint shops, and seafront restaurants featuring regional specialties like fresh seafood and limoncello. Be sure to also check out the beautiful hiking trails through the surrounding hills and valleys. For a truly unique experience, consider a boat tour or a visit to the island of Capri, famous for its grottoes and stunning natural beauty. Whether you're looking for adventure or relaxation, the Amalfi Coast is a must-see destination for any traveler exploring Italy.

Have a good trip!