Ilocos Sur Travel Guide: Exploring Top Attractions, Cultural Experiences, and Outdoor Adventures

Ilocos Sur, a province located in the Ilocos Region of the Philippines, offers a captivating blend of natural wonders, historical landmarks, and vibrant culture. Situated on the western coast of Luzon island, Ilocos Sur is bordered by the South China Sea to the west and the Cordillera Mountains to the east. Its strategic location made it an important trading hub during the Spanish colonial era. The province boasts a rich history, having served as the capital of the Ilocos region and the seat of power for Spanish conquistadors. Today, the remnants of the past can be explored through its well-preserved Spanish-era architecture and UNESCO World Heritage Sites. With its roots tracing back to the precolonial period, Ilocos Sur has witnessed the arrival of various civilizations, including Chinese traders, Arab merchants, and Spanish colonizers. This cultural melting pot has greatly influenced the province's traditions, cuisine, and arts. Visitors can immerse themselves in the captivating history of Ilocos Sur by exploring the picturesque cobblestone streets of Vigan City, a UNESCO-listed site showcasing Spanish-era architecture. From centuries-old churches and ancestral houses to ancient watchtowers and pilgrimage sites, Ilocos Sur stands as a testament to the Philippines' rich historical heritage.

Ilocos Sur, Philippines, is a captivating province filled with an array of popular attractions and exciting activities. Delve into the rich history of the region by visiting the UNESCO World Heritage Site of Vigan City, renowned for its well-preserved Spanish colonial architecture. Take a leisurely stroll along Calle Crisologo, a charming cobblestone street lined with ancestral houses, souvenir shops, and local eateries. If you're looking for more historical sites, venture to the town of Santa Maria, home to the beautiful Santa Maria Church. Marvel at its distinctive baroque design and climb up its bell tower for a panoramic view of the surrounding landscape. Nature lovers will find solace in the majestic Kapurpurawan Rock Formation, located in Burgos. These stunningly white rock formations sculpted by the forces of nature provide a picturesque backdrop for memorable photographs. Embrace adventure with thrilling activities such as sandboarding in Ilocos Sur's sand dunes. Feel the rush as you glide down towering sand hills, surrounded by breathtaking views of the Philippine Sea. For a different kind of excitement, head to the town of Santa, where you can explore Paoay Lake by kayaking or even take a dip in its cool waters. With its array of attractions and activities, Ilocos Sur promises an unforgettable experience for travelers of all interests.

Laoag International Airport serves as the primary gateway to breathtaking Ilocos Sur. It conveniently offers domestic flights from major cities of the Philippines such as Manila, Cebu, and Clark. Several airlines, including Philippine Airlines, Cebu Pacific, and AirAsia, operate regular flights to this airport, providing travelers with multiple options. The flight duration from Manila to Laoag International Airport typically takes around one hour, making it an easily accessible destination for both tourists and locals. Upon arrival at Laoag International Airport, travelers can easily reach Ilocos Sur by availing themselves of various transportation modes. Taxis and vans are readily available at the airport, offering a hassle-free journey to your desired destination within the province. Alternatively, tourists can also arrange private car rentals prior to their arrival, providing them with the flexibility to explore the region at their own pace. With its accessible flight routes and transportation options, reaching Ilocos Sur has never been more convenient for travelers seeking to explore its rich cultural heritage and stunning natural wonders.

There are several land transportation options available to reach Ilocos Sur from nearby provinces. One of the most convenient ways is to take a bus from Manila, the capital city of the Philippines. Numerous bus companies operate daily trips to Vigan City, the capital of Ilocos Sur, which is a major gateway to the province. The journey usually takes around 8-9 hours, depending on the traffic conditions. If you are coming from nearby provinces such as Pangasinan or La Union, buses and vans are also readily available. These towns are located along the North Luzon Expressway, making it easier to reach Ilocos Sur. The travel time from these provinces can range from 3-5 hours, depending on your starting point and the mode of transportation. Another option is to drive your own vehicle or rent a car to explore Ilocos Sur. The province is accessible through major highways, including the North Luzon Expressway and the MacArthur Highway. Keep in mind that driving can be quite challenging due to heavy traffic and unfamiliar road conditions. Nevertheless, it offers the freedom to explore the province at your own pace and visit nearby attractions along the way.

There are several convenient modes of transportation within Ilocos Sur, making it easy for travelers to explore the region. One popular option is by hiring a tricycle, a common mode of transport in the Philippines. Tricycles are available in almost every town and can be found near prominent landmarks or transportation terminals. This mode of transportation is perfect for short distances and allows you to easily visit nearby attractions or explore the town itself. Another mode of transportation in Ilocos Sur is the jeepney. Jeepneys are vibrant and iconic vehicles that serve as the primary mode of transport for many locals. They are often used for longer journeys between towns and are relatively affordable. Just keep in mind that jeepneys might be crowded during peak hours, so plan accordingly. They provide a unique opportunity to mingle with the locals and experience the authentic Filipino way of getting around. For those who prefer a more comfortable and private option, renting a car or hiring a van is recommended. This allows you to have more flexibility in your travel schedule and enables you to reach the remote areas of Ilocos Sur. Several car rental companies operate in the region, offering various sizes of vehicles to suit your needs. Whether you choose tricycles, jeepneys, or private transportation, getting around Ilocos Sur is a hassle-free experience, ensuring you make the most of your visit to this captivating province in the Philippines.

Vigan City is the crown jewel of Ilocos Sur, offering a glimpse into the Philippines' rich colonial past. Its well-preserved Spanish colonial architecture earned it a coveted spot on the UNESCO World Heritage List. Stroll down Calle Crisologo, a picturesque street lined with beautiful ancestral houses where horse-drawn carriages pass by, creating a nostalgic ambiance. The city's iconic landmarks include the magnificent St. Paul's Metropolitan Cathedral and the Syquia Mansion, once home to President Elpidio Quirino. Immerse yourself in history at the Crisologo Museum, showcasing the life and achievements of the influential Crisologo family. Food lovers will delight in exploring Vigan's vibrant culinary scene, from sampling the famous Vigan longganisa (savory sausages) to indulging in traditional delicacies such as empanada and bagnet. Don't miss the chance to try the city's signature dish, the Vigan-style Miki—thick noodles served in a savory sauce topped with crispy pork cracklings. Immerse yourself in the city's cultural traditions by visiting pottery shops, where skilled artisans demonstrate the craft of traditional earthenware, or witnessing the time-honored art of Abel weaving where local weavers create intricate textiles using ancient wooden looms. Vigan City is not only a visual feast but also a captivating destination for history buffs and food enthusiasts alike. By preserving its heritage and showcasing its unique cultural identity, this enchanting city invites visitors to take a step back in time and appreciate the wonders of the past while enjoying the warm hospitality of its people.

Vigan's Old Town, located in Ilocos Sur, showcases a remarkable collection of well-preserved Spanish colonial structures, making it a UNESCO World Heritage site. As you wander through its cobbled streets, you'll be transported back in time. The architectural marvels of the past include ancestral houses, government buildings, and religious landmarks that reflect a fusion of Spanish, Chinese, and Filipino influences. Step into the grandeur of Calle Crisologo, where you'll be greeted by rows of beautiful ancestral houses with their distinct terracotta roofs and massive hardwood doors. Inside these captivating structures, you'll find quaint courtyards, antique furniture, and vivid stories of generations past. Don't miss the iconic St. Paul's Metropolitan Cathedral, an enduring symbol of the city's strong Catholic heritage, or the nearby Plaza Salcedo, named after the Spanish conquistador who founded the town. Vigan's Old Town is a living testament to the rich history and cultural heritage of the Philippines. By taking a leisurely stroll through its streets, admiring the magnificent architecture, and learning about its captivating past, you'll be immersed in a captivating experience that truly brings the Spanish colonial era to life.

Calle Crisologo and Baluarte are two of the must-visit destinations in the historic city of Vigan, making them key attractions in Ilocos Sur, Philippines. Calle Crisologo, dubbed as a living museum, takes visitors back in time with its well-preserved colonial-style architecture. As one walks through its cobbled streets, they can admire the beautifully preserved ancestral houses, some of which have been turned into quaint shops and cafes. With its rustic charm, this iconic street serves as a portal into the city's rich Spanish colonial past. Baluarte, on the other hand, offers a different kind of experience. This vast zoo and wildlife sanctuary is owned by the local politician Chavit Singson. Guests can bear witness to approximately 10,000 animals from various species, including tigers, snakes, and exotic birds. Aside from being an animal sanctuary, Baluarte also offers an adrenaline rush through its exciting activities such as horseback riding and zip-lining. With its captivating mix of wildlife and thrilling attractions, a trip to Baluarte is truly a unique experience for visitors. Visiting Calle Crisologo and Baluarte in Vigan is like stepping into a different era. These two attractions not only offer a glimpse into the city's cultural heritage, but they also provide fun and memorable experiences for travelers.

One of the most charming and unique experiences in Ilocos Sur is the opportunity to ride a kalesa, a traditional horse-drawn carriage. Stepping into a kalesa takes you back in time, as you soak in the sights and sounds of the city at a leisurely pace. As you sit comfortably on the kalesa, you'll be treated to a relaxing ride along the cobblestone streets, passing by beautifully preserved Spanish colonial buildings and landmarks. The clip-clop of the horse's hooves and the gentle swaying of the carriage create a nostalgic atmosphere, allowing you to truly immerse yourself in the rich history of the region. Not only does riding a kalesa provide a unique mode of transportation, but it also grants you an opportunity for a personalized guided tour. The kalesa drivers, often dressed in traditional attire, can share fascinating stories and trivia about the city's history and famous landmarks, such as the Vigan Cathedral and Calle Crisologo. So, don't miss out on this quintessential Ilocos Sur experience and explore the city in style aboard a charming kalesa.

Bantay Church and Bell Tower is a must-visit attraction in Ilocos Sur. This majestic church is a testament to the province's rich history and religious heritage. Built in 1590, the church's architecture showcases a blend of Gothic and Baroque styles that will captivate visitors. Located on top of a hill, the bell tower offers a picturesque view of the surrounding countryside, making it a favorite spot for photographers. Its massive size and distinct red brick structure make it an iconic landmark in the area. Visitors can also climb to the top of the tower for a panoramic view of the town, providing an unforgettable experience. Don't forget to explore the interiors of Bantay Church, adorned with beautiful religious artifacts and intricately designed altars. The church's historical significance adds to its charm, making it a must-visit for those seeking a glimpse into the region's past. Bantay Church and Bell Tower is a true gem that should not be missed in Ilocos Sur.

Located in the heart of Vigan City, the Heritage Village of Calle Crisologo is one of the most well-preserved and iconic streets in the Philippines. Walking along its cobblestone streets, lined with beautiful ancestral houses, is like taking a step back in time. The Spanish colonial architecture, with its distinct red-tiled roofs and wooden balconies, transports you to a different era and creates a truly enchanting atmosphere. As you wander through Calle Crisologo, you'll have the opportunity to explore various shops, galleries, and restaurants that showcase the region's rich cultural heritage. Delight in traditional Ilocano cuisine, such as Vigan longganisa (local sausage) and empanada, which can be found in quaint eateries and food stalls lining the street. Don't forget to try the local delicacy, the famous Vigan empanada – a savory pastry filled with minced meat, vegetables, and topped with a bright orange annatto sauce. Visiting the Heritage Village of Calle Crisologo is a must for anyone seeking an authentic cultural experience in Ilocos Sur. Immerse yourself in the timeless charm of this historic street, sample delicious local dishes, and marvel at the architectural wonders that have stood the test of time.

Preserving the cultural heritage in Vigan is of utmost importance in order to honor the rich history and traditions deeply rooted in the city. By safeguarding its architectural and historical sites, Vigan continues to captivate visitors with its well-preserved Spanish colonial atmosphere. The city's cobblestone streets, ancestral houses, and ancient churches serve as tangible reminders of its past, allowing both locals and tourists to connect with its unique heritage. Efforts to preserve Vigan's cultural heritage extend beyond just architectural conservation. The local community is actively involved in promoting and sustaining traditions, such as the renowned Vigan cuisine and local crafts. Traditional delicacies like the famous Vigan longganisa and the native bagnet contribute not only to culinary diversity but also to the preservation of ancestral cooking techniques. Through culinary experiences and the promotion of unique crafts like pottery and weaving, Vigan ensures that its cultural heritage remains alive and vibrant for generations to come.

Calle Crisologo in Ilocos Sur offers a delightful array of shops and restaurants, showcasing the rich cultural and culinary heritage of the region. Strolling along the cobblestone streets, visitors can explore charming establishments that have stood the test of time. Marvel at the craftsmanship of local artisans and find unique handicrafts, antiques, and traditional clothing in the quaint shops. Indulge in the delectable flavors of Ilocano cuisine at the numerous restaurants dotting Calle Crisologo. Savor traditional dishes such as bagnet (crispy pork belly), longganisa (local sausage), and pinakbet (mixed vegetables stewed in shrimp paste). With their charming colonial architecture and warm hospitality, the restaurants here offer an immersive dining experience that transports you to the bygone era of Spanish colonization. Complete your journey along Calle Crisologo with a visit to the specialty stores offering local delicacies. Sample the famous Vigan empanada, a deep-fried pastry filled with a savory mixture of ground meat, vegetables, and egg. Don't miss the opportunity to try the authentic Vigan longganisa, known for its unique garlicky flavors. These shops provide an excellent opportunity to bring home a piece of Ilocos Sur's delicious culinary heritage to savor even after your visit ends.

Embark on a memorable Ilocos Sur food trip and indulge in the region's rich culinary heritage. Start your gastronomic adventure with the famous Vigan longganisa, a garlicky sausage made from ground pork and spices. Pair it with sinanglao, a flavorful Filipino soup made with beef innards and bile, or enjoy it with the crispy and savory bagnet, deep-fried pork belly that is sure to satisfy your cravings. Don't miss out on trying the delicacy known as "burnay" in Vigan, where pots made from clay are used to ferment and store vinegar. Sample the local empanada—a deep-fried pastry filled with a mixture of vegetables, meat, and egg, usually served with vinegar dipping sauce. Lastly, no food trip in Ilocos Sur is complete without tasting their mouthwatering tupig, a sticky rice cake wrapped in banana leaves and grilled to perfection, leaving you wanting more of its irresistible goodness.

When it comes to gastronomic adventures in Ilocos Sur, prepare your taste buds for a remarkable journey through the famous Ilocano dishes. Indulge in the delectable flavors of bagnet, a mouthwatering deep-fried pork belly that is crispy on the outside yet tender on the inside. This local delicacy is often served with a side of vegetables, garlic rice, and a special vinegar dip that perfectly complements its savory goodness. Next on the list is the iconic empanada, a savory pastry filled with a delightful combination of ground meat, grated green papaya, and egg. The outer crust is made from rice flour, resulting in a slightly crispy texture. It is typically enjoyed with a dipping sauce made of vinegar and various spices. Don't forget to try the longganisa, a flavorful native sausage made from ground pork and unique Ilocano spices. Whether you prefer it sweet or garlicky, this versatile dish is a breakfast favorite and can be enjoyed any time of the day. Exploring Ilocos Sur won't be complete without savoring these well-known delicacies that are deeply rooted in the local culture. From the irresistible crispiness of bagnet to the satisfyingly tasty combination of flavors in an empanada or longganisa, these dishes showcase the culinary expertise and rich heritage of the Ilocano people. Your visit to Ilocos Sur would not be complete without enjoying these traditional culinary delights.

Located in the picturesque province of Ilocos Sur, sandboarding in Paoay is an exhilarating outdoor activity that is sure to get your adrenaline pumping. The majestic Paoay Sand Dunes is the perfect playground for adventure seekers and nature lovers alike. With its rolling sandy hills and breathtaking panoramic views, it offers an unforgettable experience for visitors. Whether you are a beginner or an experienced sandboarder, Paoay has something for everyone. Take a thrilling ride down the slopes on a sandboard or try your hand at sand sledding for a unique twist. Feel the rush as you glide down the silky sand, surrounded by the stunning natural beauty of the dunes. Don't forget to capture these amazing moments on camera to reminisce about the adrenaline-filled fun. Sandboarding in Paoay is best enjoyed during the early morning or late afternoon when the sun casts magical hues over the landscape and the temperature becomes more moderate. It is recommended to wear comfortable clothes and shoes suitable for outdoor activities. So, gear up, grab your board, and get ready for a heart-pounding adventure on the sandy slopes of Paoay.

Experience the thrill of sandboarding on the magnificent La Paz Sand Dunes in Ilocos Sur, Philippines. As you stand at the top of the dunes, a rush of adrenaline fills your veins, and the expansive desert-like landscape stretches before your eyes. With the wind in your hair, you effortlessly slide down the sandy slopes on a specially designed board. Feel the sheer exhilaration as you navigate the ever-shifting dunes, carving your way through the soft sand. It’s a heart-pumping adventure that combines the excitement of snowboarding with the unique beauty of the desert. Sandboarding in La Paz Sand Dunes offers a truly unforgettable experience. Whether you’re a novice or an expert, there are different dunes suitable for riders of all levels. Glide down gently sloping hills for a more relaxed and scenic ride, or take on steeper dunes for an adrenaline-pumping challenge. The contrasting colors of the sand against the sky and the ocean create a stunning backdrop, making your sandboarding experience in Ilocos Sur not just thrilling but also visually captivating. Prepare to be amazed by the untamed beauty of La Paz Sand Dunes as you let gravity take control and embark on this unforgettable sandboarding adventure. Soak in the serene surroundings, embrace the rush of excitement, and create memories that will last a lifetime in this natural wonderland.

If you're in Ilocos Sur and looking for an adrenaline-pumping activity, sandboarding is an absolute must-try. To make the most of this thrilling experience, it is best to engage the services of professional tour operators or guides who can ensure your safety and provide valuable insights about the activity. These local experts have extensive knowledge about the sand dunes and can guide you to the best spots for sandboarding in the region. Several tour operators in Ilocos Sur offer sandboarding packages tailored to different preferences and skill levels. They provide all the necessary equipment, including boards and safety gear, ensuring a hassle-free adventure. These tour operators also provide trained instructors who will teach you the basics of sandboarding and offer guidance as you navigate the sandy slopes. With their expertise, you can feel confident and relaxed as you take on this exhilarating activity. To fully immerse yourself in the thrill of sandboarding, consider booking your sandboarding experience with trusted tour operators or guides in Ilocos Sur. They will ensure that you have an unforgettable adventure while prioritizing your safety and providing valuable knowledge about this unique outdoor activity. Get ready to slide down the picturesque sand dunes and make memories that will last a lifetime.

With its pristine shores and crystal-clear waters, Ilocos Sur is a haven for beach lovers and island enthusiasts. Along the coastline, you'll find beautiful beaches where you can bask under the sun and enjoy the gentle waves. Bantay Abot Cave Beach, located in the town of Santine, is a popular spot known for its unique landscape, where a large rock with a hole in the middle provides a stunning backdrop. Further north, you'll discover the untouched beauty of Cabugao Gamay Island, a small paradise with powdery white sand and vibrant coral reefs. For those seeking tranquility, the secluded Saud Beach in Pagudpud offers a serene escape from the bustling city life. Its clear waters make it an ideal destination for swimming and snorkeling, while the breathtaking sunsets are a sight not to be missed. Another must-visit is the fascinating Pug-os Beach, located in the coastal town of Santa Maria. Here, you can witness colorful fishing boats dotting the azure sea, creating a picturesque scene that adds to the charm of the place. Whether you're looking for adventure or relaxation, the beaches and islands of Ilocos Sur offer an unparalleled experience. Immerse yourself in the beauty of nature, explore hidden coves, and create lasting memories by the gorgeous shores of this scenic province in the Philippines.

Ilocos Sur is blessed with an array of stunning coastal areas that attract both local and international travelers seeking seaside adventures. One such popular destination is Cabugao Gamay Beach, renowned for its picturesque landscape and clear turquoise waters. With its powdery white sand and scenic rock formations, this beach offers an ideal spot for sunbathing and beachcombing. Visitors can swim, snorkel, or simply relax under the shade of palm trees, immersing themselves in the tranquil ambiance. Another coastal gem in Ilocos Sur is Santiago Cove, renowned for its natural beauty and captivating panoramic views. Located in Santiago, Ilocos Sur, this serene cove offers a peaceful retreat for both nature enthusiasts and beach lovers. The crystal-clear waters provide an excellent spot for swimming and snorkeling, allowing visitors to witness the vibrant marine life beneath the waves. In addition to water activities, guests can explore the surrounding cliffs, take a leisurely stroll along the shore, or enjoy a tranquil picnic while relishing the breathtaking sunsets that the cove is famous for. In Ilocos Sur, Cabugao Gamay Beach and Santiago Cove stand out as must-visit coastal destinations. These picturesque locations offer endless outdoor activities amidst stunning natural settings, ensuring that every visitor leaves with unforgettable memories of their time spent in Ilocos Sur.

The best time to visit Ilocos Sur is during the dry season, which usually falls between November and April. This period offers bright and sunny days, making it ideal for exploring the province's numerous attractions. However, take note that the months of March to April can get scorching hot, so it's advisable to stay well-hydrated and wear appropriate sun protection. It's worth considering visiting Ilocos Sur during the cooler months of December to February. The weather during this time is pleasantly balmy, making it comfortable to explore the region's famous colonial architecture and historical sites. Additionally, the popular annual festivals such as the Ilocos Sur Heritage Festival and the Kannawidan Ylocos Festival are scheduled around these months, providing a colorful experience of the local culture and traditions. Overall, visiting Ilocos Sur during the dry season or the cooler months will ensure an enjoyable and memorable trip.

The recommended duration of stay in Ilocos Sur depends on how much time you want to spend exploring this captivating province. With its diverse attractions and rich heritage, a stay of at least three to four days is ideal for a comprehensive experience. This will allow you to visit the major landmarks, immerse in the local culture, and enjoy the natural wonders of the region. To fully appreciate the historical sites in Ilocos Sur, such as the UNESCO-listed town of Vigan and its preserved Spanish colonial houses, allocate at least a day. This will give you ample time to stroll along the cobblestone streets, visit heritage museums, and savor the region's delectable cuisines. If you want to delve deeper into the province's history, consider extending your stay to explore other significant sites like Santa Maria Church or the Marcos Mausoleum. If you're a nature enthusiast, allot a day or two for outdoor adventures. Discover the stunning coastline of Ilocos Sur by spending some time at the pristine beaches or engaging in thrilling water sports. Don't miss the chance to explore the sand dunes of Paoay or take a boat tour along the majestic Paoay Lake. With a well-planned itinerary and a reasonable duration of stay, you can make the most of your time in Ilocos Sur, leaving you with unforgettable memories.

Language and communication in Ilocos Sur is primarily Tagalog and Ilocano. Tagalog is the official language of the Philippines and is widely spoken and understood, especially in major tourist areas. English is also commonly spoken, particularly by those working in the tourism industry. However, it is always helpful to have some basic knowledge of Ilocano phrases as it is widely used by the locals. When communicating with the locals, it is important to remember that Ilocanos have their own unique accent and vocabulary. Some useful Ilocano phrases to learn are "kamusta?" (how are you?), "salamat" (thank you), and "diaynatem" (excuse me). Making an effort to learn a few basic phrases will go a long way in showing respect and building rapport with the locals. Additionally, carrying a phrasebook or using translation apps can be useful for overcoming language barriers and ensuring smooth communication during your time in Ilocos Sur.

The official currency of the Philippines is the Philippine Peso (PHP). Currency exchange services are available at airports, hotels, and banks in major cities like Vigan and Santa Maria. It is advisable to carry small bills for convenience, as many local vendors may not have sufficient change for larger denominations. You can find ATMs in most urban areas throughout Ilocos Sur, including popular tourist destinations. However, it is always recommended to withdraw cash in advance, as some rural areas might have limited ATM access. Major credit cards are accepted at hotels, restaurants, and larger establishments, but smaller shops and local eateries often prefer cash payments. Inform your bank about your travel plans to ensure seamless ATM and credit card transactions while you explore the beautiful province of Ilocos Sur.

When visiting Ilocos Sur, it is essential to be aware of the local customs and etiquette to ensure a positive interaction with the people and respect their culture. The people of Ilocos Sur are known for their warm hospitality and genuine friendliness. It is customary to greet others with a smile and a polite "Kumusta po" (which means "How are you?") as a sign of respect. Handshakes are also common when meeting someone for the first time. When entering a home or any sacred site, it is customary to remove your footwear as a sign of respect. Additionally, when visiting churches or any religious site, it is important to dress modestly and avoid loud conversations or disruptive behavior. It is also customary to ask for permission before taking photos of individuals, particularly the elderly or religious figures, out of respect for their privacy. Remember to be mindful of your actions and language while in Ilocos Sur. Avoid raising your voice or displaying anger in public, as it is seen as disrespectful. Also, avoid pointing with your finger, as it is considered impolite. Instead, use your open hand to indicate or gesture towards something. By following these guidelines, you will show respect, build connections, and enhance your experience in Ilocos Sur.

Have a good trip!